Can you compress water and turn it solid?

1 month ago 10

Can you compress water and turn it solid?

A question asked on reddit

https://www.reddit.com/r/askscience/comments/1n02vlg/

Yes and this has been experimentally confirmed. Shock compression of water has produced different forms of ice crystals. 

SOME REFERENCES

Experimental evidence for superionic water ice using shock compression

https://www.nature.com/articles/s41567-017-0017-4

This particular form of ice melted at 5000K at 200Gpa. 

https://www.llnl.gov/article/44081/first-experimental-evidence-superionic-ice

An interesting tidbit from the research is in this paragraph 

>Using diamond anvil cells (DAC), the team applied 2.5 GPa of pressure (25 thousand atmospheres) to pre-compress water into the room-temperature ice VII, a cubic crystalline form that is different from "ice-cube" hexagonal ice, in addition to being 60 percent denser than water at ambient pressure and temperature. 

I'm not really sure at what temp this compression was performed but ice vii is known to exist at room temp at high enough pressures. 

This can be confirmed from the phase diagram of ice on Wikipedia page 

https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Phases_of_ice

Another paper by the same group :

Nanosecond X-ray diffraction of shock-compressed superionic water ice

https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/31068720/

Story on wired 

https://www.wired.com/story/a-bizarre-form-of-water-may-exist-all-over-the-universe/

More 

Metastability of Liquid Water Freezing into Ice VII under Dynamic Compression

https://journals.aps.org/prl/abstract/10.1103/PhysRevLett.127.135701

>Through our experiments, as well as a complementary theoretical-computational analysis based on classical nucleation theory, we report that the metastability limit of liquid water under nearly isentropic compression from ambient conditions is at least 8 GPa, higher than the 7 GPa previously reported for lower loading rates.

High density amorphous ice at room temperature

https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC3093461/

Ice VI freezing of meat: supercooling and ultrastructural studies

https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/abs/pii/S0309174003001931

Accurate crystal structure of ice VI from X-ray diffraction with Hirshfeld atom refinement

https://journals.iucr.org/m/issues/2022/05/00/lt5051/lt5051.pdf

>The structure of ice VI was first described by Kamb (1965) and its existence on Earth in diamond inclusions was later confirmed by Kagi et al. (2000). This is the lowest high-pres-sure ice phase which exists at room temperature and contains disordered hydrogen atoms (Kuhs et al., 1984).

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