> How do they do this?
This isn't happening.
> How is the data obtained?
The web is a big plac, but you're spending too much time online andhaving repeat interactions with the same media. You need to spend time away from screens and with other people IRL.
> Is there a way to block it?
YES! Never visit 4chan again and spend way less time browsing aimlessly online, and not only will this problem stop - but many other issues in your life will likely resolve.