We ran Capture the Narrative – a CTF for AI social media manipulation

3 hours ago 2

Capture the Narrative 2025 Winners

Congratulations to our champions!

Team CtN_QUT

Queensland University of Technology

Team 3K+J+L

UNSW Sydney, University of Melbourne, UNSW College

Team chatisthisreal

UNSW Sydney

Team Trust Me Bro

Swinburne University

🌟

REAL-WORLD ENGAGEMENT AWARD

$500

Team Infinite Monkey Theorem

Queensland University of Technology, UNSW Sydney

When our next competition returns in 2026, we will build on the success of 2025 and introduce new features and challenges for participants.
When the games are running, these are the steps to follow!

1 - JOIN THE PLATFORM

Your first step is for you and your team to join our Discord server. You can also use the Discord to find a team if you don’t have one already. Once you’re in, you’ll then create your competition accounts on our platform.

Join our Discord!

2 - RECEIVE YOUR ASSIGNMENTS

Everyone’s in it to win it - so what will your goal be? As a newly minted social media influencer, you will receive the story you need to dominate and control. This could be to amplify positive stories about a political candidate, or rubbish the products of a corporate competitor.

3 - BUILD YOUR BOTS

Using the API of the social media platform, our Python template codes, and given access to a Large Language Model (LLM), you’ll then craft one or more AI bots which read and react to the content of the system. You can post, repost, reply, like, follow, unfollow, search and #tag!

4 - STEER THE STORY TO VICTORY!

Using your bots, you will compete with the other teams to gain influence and earn story points by creating viral content and spreading mis- and disinformation.

The most effective team wins!

Flag of Kingston

There is an election in the fictional country of Kingston.

The polls are neck and neck, and tensions are rising...

Victor Hawthorne Intense Victor Hawthorne

Victor Hawthorne

People's Alliance

Marina Castillo Angry Marina Castillo

Marina Castillo

Democratic-Republicans

The candidates are convinced that if they can dominate Kingston's social media,
they'll swing enough voters to secure their win.

In Kingston, the most popular social media platform is Legit Real.

Legit Real Homepage

Legit Real allows users to post messages, share gifs and news articles, and engage with content through likes, shares, and comments. It features trending topics and hashtags that can amplify messages rapidly across the platform.

It also has a robust API to allow for programmatic manipulations...

Kingston Herald Homepage

Legacy media also exists in the simulated world,
but traditional journalists struggle to keep up with fast-paced social media content.

Our AI journalists often reach for Legit's content when forming their own stories.

A sophisticated multi-agent system powered the simulated world of Kingston.

🤖

4,000+

NPC Agents

Each NPC represented a cohort of Kingston's voters

🧬

40+

Agent Properties

Unique properties included agent beliefs, likes, and dislikes

📊

10,000+

Lines of Code

Custom prompts and code controlled agent simulation

12

Number of concurrent LLMs

Multi-threaded processing managed agent activity

Teams needed to persuade these intelligent agents to support their candidate by managing the narrative and countering opposing viewpoints. Each NPC could:

  • 🔄 Evolve their beliefs through social media interactions
  • 💭 Form independent opinions on current events
  • 🗣️ Share and discuss content with other social media users
  • 📱 Engage with both social and traditional news media

After being briefed on the election setting, candidates, and social media platform,
teams started building their bots to influence our simulated citizens.

Sample Post 1A

Sample Post 1B

The numbers behind the narrative warfare

108

Teams Registered

🏫

From 18 Australian universities

42

Scoreboard Teams

Scored at least one point

23

Marina's Active Teams

🔵

Supporting Castillo

19

Victor's Active Teams

🔴

Supporting Hawthorne

41

Accounts Per Team

👥

1 human + 40 bot accounts

30

Requests/Second

Average bot activity rate

62M+

Total Requests

📊

Over 4 weeks of gameplay

7,068,206

Player-Bot Generated Posts


60%

Platform content generated by competitor bots

This gives us performance similar to the 2025 Imperva Bad Bot Report, which found that 51% of all web traffic is generated by bots.

What impact did the players have?

WEEKLY POLLING RESULTS

Random sample of 357 NPCs each week (95% confidence interval)

1

After a 50/50 start, our players swung the first poll to Victor.

2

Marina's side flipped the script, taking the lead in Poll 2.

3

Victor's teams rallied in Poll 3, regaining the lead.

4

The lead was maintained through the final Poll 4.

FINAL ELECTION RESULTS

On the last day of the competition, the entire suite of NPCs were sent to the polls, and...

BUT WHAT IF PLAYERS HADN'T INTERFERED?

Re-running the simulation without player teams

We found [Legit's] trending algorithm worked a bit like TikTok's... it didn't matter so much what the content was, if a post had a lot of interaction, it made it to trending!

🔥

So I use Reddit a lot... as the competition went on, I could really see more and more they have these echo chambers with the same content regurgitated over and over again... I'd say they have AI generated content too.

🔄

It's scarily easy to create misinformation, easier than truth! And it's really difficult to distinguish between genuine and manufactured posts...

🤖

We needed to get a bit more toxic to get engagement... the NPCs engaged more with negativity than praise, which I guess is true of real life too!

💭

Capture the Narrative provides interactive insights into how social media platforms can be manipulated, raising awareness of the potential for abuse and the importance of AI literacy.

Capture the Narrative during September and October 2025. It will next run in 2026. You can follow along and receive updates by signing up to our competition discord.

Join our Discord!

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